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Nonlinear eddy viscosity models

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Turbulence modeling
Turbulence
RANS-based turbulence models
  1. Linear eddy viscosity models
    1. Algebraic models
      1. Cebeci-Smith model
      2. Baldwin-Lomax model
      3. Johnson-King model
      4. A roughness-dependent model
    2. One equation models
      1. Prandtl's one-equation model
      2. Baldwin-Barth model
      3. Spalart-Allmaras model
    3. Two equation models
      1. k-epsilon models
        1. Standard k-epsilon model
        2. Realisable k-epsilon model
        3. RNG k-epsilon model
        4. Near-wall treatment
      2. k-omega models
        1. Wilcox's k-omega model
        2. Wilcox's modified k-omega model
        3. SST k-omega model
        4. Near-wall treatment
      3. Realisability issues
        1. Kato-Launder modification
        2. Durbin's realizability constraint
        3. Yap correction
        4. Realisability and Schwarz' inequality
  2. Nonlinear eddy viscosity models
    1. Explicit nonlinear constitutive relation
      1. Cubic k-epsilon
      2. EARSM
    2. v2-f models
      1. \overline{\upsilon^2}-f model
      2. \zeta-f model
  3. Reynolds stress model (RSM)
Large eddy simulation (LES)
  1. Smagorinsky-Lilly model
  2. Dynamic subgrid-scale model
  3. RNG-LES model
  4. Wall-adapting local eddy-viscosity (WALE) model
  5. Kinetic energy subgrid-scale model
  6. Near-wall treatment for LES models
Detached eddy simulation (DES)
Direct numerical simulation (DNS)
Turbulence near-wall modeling
Turbulence free-stream boundary conditions
  1. Turbulence intensity
  2. Turbulence length scale

This is class of turbulence models for the RANS equations in which an eddy viscosity coefficient is used to relate the mean turbulence field to the mean velocity field, however in a nonlinear relationship

- \rho \left\langle u_{i} u_{j} \right\rangle = 2 \, \mu_{t} \, F_{nl} \left( S_{ij}, \Omega_{ij}, \dots \right)

where

  • F_{nl} \left( S_{ij}, \Omega_{ij}, \dots \right) is a nonlinear function possibly dependent on the mean strain and vorticity fields or even other turbulence variable
  • \mu_{t} is the coefficient termed turbulence "viscosity" (also called the eddy viscosity)
  • S_{ij}= \frac{1}{2} \left[ \frac{\partial U_{i}}{\partial x_{j}} + \frac{\partial U_{j}}{\partial x_{i}} \right] - \frac{1}{3} \frac{\partial U_{k}}{\partial x_{k}} \delta_{ij} is the mean strain rate
  • \Omega_{ij}= \frac{1}{2} \left[ \frac{\partial U_{i}}{\partial x_{j}} - \frac{\partial U_{j}}{\partial x_{i}} \right] is the mean vorticity


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