Adjoint method
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Adjoint method
Some references which could be helpful:
[1] Kyriakos C. Giannakoglou and Dimitrios I. Papadimitriou ,"Adjoint Methods for Shape Optimization", in Optimization and Computational Fluid Dynamics. Thévenin, Dominique; Janiga, Gábor (Eds.) 2008, XVI, 294 p. 149 illus.
[2] O. Soto and R. Löhner, "On the Computation of Flow Sensitivities From Boundary Integrals", AIAA-04-0112 (2004).
[3] C. Othmer, "A continuous adjoint formulation for the computation of topological and surface sensitivities of ducted flows", Int. J. Num. Meth. Fluids, Vol. 58, pp. 861–877 (2008).
[4] K. Morimoto, Y. Suzuki, N. Kasagi, "Optimal Shape Design of Compact Heat Exchangers Based on Adjoint Analysis of Momentum and Heat Transfer", J. Therm. Sci. Tech., Vol. 5, No. 1, pp.24-35 (2010).